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Linear functions - Features
In Helpful tips to get you ready for VCE Mathematics exams

Linear functions - Features

Linear functions are functions of the form f(x) = mxc and their graphical representation is a straight line.

m is the slope or the gradient of the line; it represents the steepness of the line.

c is the y - intercept; where the line crosses the y - axis

 

If the straight line slopes upwards when moving from left to right, then the line has a positive slope or gradient.

Equation of line: ymxc, where m > 0

Domain: R (the real numbers set)

Range: R (the real numbers set)

 

If the straight line slopes downwards when moving from left to right, then the line has a negative slope or gradient.

Equation of line: y = mx + c, where m < 0

Domain: R (the real numbers set)

Range: R (the real numbers set)

If the straight line is horizontalthen the line has a zero slope or gradient, m.

Equation of line: y = c, with m = 0

Domain: R (the real numbers set)

Range: {c}

If the straight line is verticalthen the line has an undefined slope or gradient, m.

Equation of line: x = a, with m → 

 

Domain: {a}

Range: R (the real numbers set)

 

 

x-intercept occurs when y = 0

0 = mxc

 

y-intercept occurs when x = 0

y = m × 0 + c

y = c

 

 

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